Schema (pl. Schemata): Mental frameworks used to organize and interpret new information.
Working Memory: The part of the memory system where information is temporarily held and actively processed.
Cognitive Load: The amount of mental effort required to process information in the working memory.
Metacognition: The awareness and regulation of one's own thinking processes ("learning how to learn").
Long-Term Memory: The permanent storage of information, divided into Declarative (facts/rules) and Procedural (how to do things).
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