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M

Monitor Model

Krashen's Monitor Model

  • Comprehensible Input (i+1): Language that is just one level above the learner's current proficiency, making it challenging but understandable.

  • The Affective Filter: An emotional "gate" that can block learning. High anxiety, low motivation, or low confidence raises the filter.

  • The Monitor: The conscious "editor" that checks and corrects language output based on learned rules.

  • Acquisition vs. Learning: Acquisition is subconscious and natural; Learning is conscious and formal.


Entry link: Monitor Model